NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) Lyophilized Powder

Overview

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+; CAS 53-84-9) is a dinucleotide coenzyme composed of adenosine monophosphate and nicotinamide mononucleotide linked by a phosphoanhydride bond. It exists in two interconvertible forms: the oxidized form (NAD+) and the reduced form (NADH), cycling between states as it shuttles electrons in oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and other metabolic pathways. Beyond its role as an electron carrier, NAD+ serves as an obligate substrate for a distinct class of enzymes — NAD+-consuming enzymes — that use the molecule not as a redox partner but as a co-substrate cleaved during their catalytic cycle. These include sirtuins (class III histone deacetylases, SIRT1–7), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs, involved in DNA damage response), and CD38 (a cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase). Because NAD+ is consumed — not regenerated — by these enzyme classes, cellular NAD+ availability directly constrains their activity. Declining NAD+ levels with age have been documented across multiple mammalian tissues, linking NAD+ repletion to the biology of aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and age-associated metabolic disease.

Technical Specifications

Why Purity Matters

NAD+ is hygroscopic and chemically labile, particularly susceptible to hydrolysis to nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and AMP under aqueous conditions and to enzymatic degradation by NADases present in biological media. Impurities in NAD+ preparations — including NMN, NADH, NADP+, and degradation products — can directly interfere with enzymatic assays (including sirtuin activity assays, PARP assays, and metabolic flux studies) by altering the effective substrate concentration or introducing competing substrates. HPLC purity analysis with UV detection at 260 nm is the standard method for quantifying NAD+ content and distinguishing it from common co-eluting contaminants. For researchers designing assays where NAD+ concentration is a controlled variable, batch-verified purity at ≥98% with MS identity confirmation provides the analytical baseline required for reproducible results.

Quality & Documentation

Each batch of NAD+ lyophilized powder is individually tested before shipment. Included with every order:

• HPLC purity verification (≥98%)
• Mass spectrometry (MS) identity confirmation
• Batch number for full traceability

COA available upon request before order commitment.

Ordering Information

FAQ

Q: What is the difference between NAD+, NMN, and NR?
NAD+ (CAS 53-84-9) is the active coenzyme form used directly by sirtuins, PARPs, and CD38. NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide; CAS 1094-61-7) and NR (Nicotinamide Riboside; CAS 1341-23-7) are biosynthetic precursors to NAD+ — they must be converted to NAD+ intracellularly before exerting their effects. For in vitro enzymatic assays where direct NAD+ substrate is required, NAD+ is the appropriate form. For animal model systemic delivery studies where precursor bioavailability is the research variable, NMN or NR may be appropriate. All three are available from Vitaconin with individual COA documentation.

Q: Is NAD+ stable after reconstitution?
NAD+ in aqueous solution is susceptible to hydrolysis, particularly at pH extremes. For most research applications, prepare solutions fresh immediately before use. If storage of reconstituted material is required, buffer at neutral pH (7.0–7.4), store at −20°C, and use within 24 hours. Refer to the COA for batch-specific reconstitution guidance.

Q: How should NAD+ lyophilized powder be stored?
Store at −20°C in tightly sealed containers, protected from light and moisture. NAD+ is hygroscopic — exposure to ambient humidity will accelerate degradation. Shelf life is 24 months under proper conditions for unreconstituted lyophilized powder.

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